Dr .Hayat Al Zahrani*, Dr.Sobha Saseendrababu, Mrs. Ajitha Thankarajan Rejennal
End-stage renal disease (ESRD) affects the lives of a disproportionate amount of people around the world today. It is estimated that there is 35% increase in the number of dialysis patients worldwide (Oxford Journals, February 2014). According to Ji.Cheng Lv and Lu-Xia-Zhang,2019) Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been recognized as a leading public health problem worldwide. The global estimated prevalence of CKD is 13.4% (11.7-15.1%), and patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) needing renal replacement therapy is estimated between 4.902 and 7.083 million. Through its effect on cardiovascular risk and ESKD, CKD directly affects the global burden of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The global increase in this disease is mainly driven by the increase in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, obesity, and aging.
Keywords ESRD Patients; Hemodialysis; Renal Disease
English 
Chinese 
Russian 
German 
French 
Japanese 
Portuguese 
Hindi