Oscar Vergara-Serpa, Johan Conquett-Huertas, Nehomar Pájaro-Galvis, Diana Zapata-Cerpa; Oscar Echenique-Torres, Jorge Rico-Fontalvo, Víctor Leal-Martínez, Rodrigo Daza-Arnedo, Lácides Caparroso-Ramos and Christian Pérez-Calvo
Introduction: Chronic myeloproliferative syndromes (CMS) JAK2+, classified as polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocytosis (ET) and primary myelofibrosis (PMF) are disorders derived stem cells. Mutations in the gene januskinase-2 (JAK-2) is characteristic of these diseases. It is estimated that each has a rate of 0.5 to 2.5 per 100,000 people per year.
Objective: To evaluate the epidemiological, clinical, diagnosis and treatment characteristics of chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms; in addition, the prevalence and clinical significance of the JAK2 mutation. Methodology: systematic search of the literature using MeSH keywords. Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) was excluded from this review, because its diagnosis is made with the appearance of the Philadelphia chromosome and not by means of a JAK2 mutation.
Results and discussion: SMC are characterized by increased proliferation of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets, and therefore increase the risk of mortality. They are the demonstrable pathologies with JAK2 mutation for their diagnosis: strong (PV), moderately or weakly (ET, PMF).
Conclusion: The clinical manifestations of these entities overlap, as do their genetic drivers, and they are capable of evolving into another type, which makes diagnosis difficult. It is important to evaluate the presence of the JAK2 mutation in patients with CMS.
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